Further validation of the Psychosocial Costs of Racism to Whites Scale on a sample of university students in the southeastern United States.

Abstract

We examined the factor structure of the Psychosocial Costs of Racism to Whites Scale (PCRW; Spanierman & Heppner, 2004) on 766 White American university students from the southeastern United States. Results from confirmatory factor analyses supported the 3-factor model proposed by Spanierman and Heppner (2004). The construct validity of the PCRW was further strengthened by its convergent validity demonstrated by the associations among its subscales and White racial identity attitudes and White privilege attitude. Our findings support the continued exploration of the validity and reliability of the PCRW as well as its utility as a measure of White individuals' affective responses to racism.