Further Subsurface Environmental Modelling Cases

Abstract

The scope of this book does not allow all related subsurface environmental engineering applications to be covered in as much detail as in the topics of the previous sections. Yet, many fields and problems remain where, on the one hand, flow and transport processes play a dominant role and, on the other hand, enormous societal implications are inherent. Just a few are briefly touched upon below. While all the modelling-related parts of this book can be directly transferred and applied, we do not elaborate on hydrocarbon (oil and gas) production. The latter is already covered in many textbooks and, although it affects the environment immensely, it is not usually considered an environmental engineering topic. In fact, environmental engineering related to subsurface flow and transport problems has enormously benefited from the petroleum industry that has greatly contributed to the modelling concepts we apply today. This holds true particularly for the modelling of contaminated soils.