Abstract
Abstract A method of calculating the stress in helical springs of square or rectangular wire is proposed. The method is to use an approximate formula, based on St. Venant’s results for torsion of rectangular wire, and multiply by a correction factor based on the spring index. The method is quantitatively checked by strain measurements both on semi-coils of actual square-wire springs and on complete springs loaded in compression. It is suggested that this new formula replace those commonly given in handbooks, which may lead to considerable error in certain cases. Deflection measurements between coils of helical round-wire tension springs made from the same bar but having spring indices varying from 2.7 to 9.5 indicate that the ordinary helical-spring formula for round wire gives results quite close to the actual deflection. A simple approximate formula, based on St. Venant’s results, for deflection of rectangular-bar springs is proposed to replace those ordinarily used and commonly given in handbooks. These ordinary deflection formulas may also lead to considerable error in certain cases.
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