Further examination of knowledge and interactions in ageism among college students: Value for promoting university activities

Abstract

ABSTRACT Ageism is recognized as a reason that few students pursue careers in aging. While widely studied, the findings regarding factors that contribute to ageism are mixed. The findings from previous studies are also tempered by methodological issues. To better understand the factors that contribute to ageism among students and guide the development of programming and activities to reduce ageism, a survey study was conducted. The study explores associations between frequency of interactions with older adults, quality of the interactions, and ageism. Students’ knowledge of aging is also examined. Using refined measures to assess knowledge of aging and interactions with older adults, the study includes data from 1,040 college students, most of whom are traditional age students (i.e., under the age of 25). Findings from multiple regression analyses document the interplay between frequency and quality of interactions and the role of knowledge on multiple dimensions of ageism. Frequency of interactions with older adults is significantly associated with lower levels of ageism only when the interactions are perceived as favorable. Knowledge of aging is significantly associated with lower levels of ageism. The findings provide valuable information for developing activities to reduce ageism. A new ageism reduction program, which was guided by the study findings and age-friendly university framework, is described. Implications for gerontological education are also discussed.