Abstract
ROBERGE, JAMES J., and FLEXER, BARBARA K. Further Examination of Formal Operational Reasoning Abilities. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1979, 50, 478-484. 3 paper-and-pencil formal operations tests were administered to groups of eighth graders and adults. These measures provided scores that indicated each subject's level of reasoning for 3 second-order operations (i.e., combinations, proportionality, and propositional logic). Analyses of correct responses showed that adults scored significantly higher than eighth graders on the combinations and proportionality tests and that the interdependence of the 3 formal operational reasoning abilities was minimal. The results also suggested that the order of acquisition of these formal operations skills was combinations -) propositional logic --) proportionality. Implications for Piaget's theory of formal operations are discussed.
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