Further evaluation of local intranasal immunotherapy with aqueous and allergoid grass extracts

Abstract

In a double-blind study, 45 grass-allergic patients received local nasal immunotherapy (LNIT) with either aqueous mixed-grass extract, formaldehyde-treated, mixed-grass extract (allergoid), or histamine placebo. Twenty-four patients received LNIT for a second successive year, and 21 patients received LNIT for the first year. The aqueous extract-treated patients had significantly lower symptom-medication scores than either allergoid- or placebo-treated subjects. There was no difference in symptom-medication scores in patients receiving allergoid and placebo treatment or in patients receiving 1 and 2 yr of LNIT. The aqueous extract stimulated a rise in serum grass-specific IgE. There was no serum or local antibody response after allergoid-extract treatment. Postseasonal rises in serum-IgE titers were observed in all three groups. These data suggest that LNIT with aqueous mixed-grass extract significantly reduces the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. The allergoid grass extract was ineffective in the second year of treatment. No cumulative effect of LNIT could be demonstrated in successive years of therapy.