Furniture and architecture complexes with a theatron in the lecture halls of Petersburg 18th - first half of the 20th century

Abstract

The article studies the internal architectural features of lecture hall complexes. The novelty of the study lies in the definition of the concept of Furniture and Architecture Complex (FAC), outlining the morphological boundaries of their construction features. The aim of the study is to develop a typology of FAC based on the buildings of St. Petersburg educational institutions constructed between the 18th and the mid-20th century. A formal Analysis of FAC was carried out based on project documentation obtained from relevant archives. A systematic classification model for the use of lecture hall spaces under study is proposed. To this end, an analysis of the general structure of the lecture hall complexes was carried out for a selection of its elements such as spatial and structural characteristics. Based on these elements, the FAC were then attributed to groups. The method of comparative analysis formed the methodological basis of the study. As a result, four types of FAC lecture halls were identified: rectangular, round, oval, and combined. The classification model established in this work offers a standardized morphological template for future studies of FAC structures such as, for example, FACs of libraries, FACs of meeting rooms, and FACs of church interiors.