Abstract
East Timor, northwest of Australia on the eastern half of the island of Timor, became independent on 28 November 1975 after a brief civil war following the voluntary withdrawal of Portugal as a colonial power. A government led by the nationalistic and “populist Catholic” Frente Revolucionaria de Timor-Leste Independente (FRETILIN—Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor) came to power at that time, but Indonesian troops subsequently invaded and occupied East Timor. Indonesia now refers to East Timor and a territory similarly invaded and occupied, West Papua, as its provinces.
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