Abstract

Plant parasitic nematodes cause economic damage to food crops throughout the world. Many harmful chemical pesticides have been withdrawn due to environmental toxicity and health effects resulting in the development of non-chemical alternatives for nematode pest management. Biological control based on nematophagous fungi has marked remarkable success in various parts of the world. The widely used fungi include Purpureocillium lilacinum, Pochonia chlamydosporia, and Trichoderma harzianum, Arthrobotrys, Hirsutella, etc. for the management of root knot, cyst, and other groups of plant parasitic nematodes. Improvisation in quality of the product, mass production of fungi, and improvement of delivery systems will increase the usage of fungal products. The molecular mechanisms of the interaction between nematode and fungal species can be understood with the application of molecular biology tools, which further helps to develop new screening procedures for nematophagous fungi to control plant parasitic nematodes. However, the use of nematophagous fungi along with other practices in integrated nematode management systems can ensure sustainable control.

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