Fungal pathogens associated with black foot of grapevine in China

Qingtong Ye,Jingyi Jia,Changping Han,Xuehong Wu,Jiye Yan,Yueyan Zhou,Xinghong Li,Wei Zhang

doi:10.36253/phyto-12353

Qingtong Ye, Jingyi Jia + Show 6 more

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https://doi.org/10.36253/phyto-12353

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Abstract

Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are the most destructive diseases in grape-growing regions worldwide. Black foot is one of the important GTDs affecting young vineyards and nurseries. This disease has not been reported in China. During 2017 and 2019, field surveys were carried out in the Guangxi, Hebei, Ningxia, Shanxi, and Xinjiang provinces of China. Incidence of plants with black foot symptoms was 0.1% to 1% in the surveyed vineyards. Plant samples with poorly developed shoots and canes, chlorotic leaves, and necrotic trunks or roots were collected from the five provinces. In total, 50 fungal isolates were obtained from symptomatic tissues. Based on morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses, five species were identified as Cylindrocladiella lageniformis, Dactylonectria torresensis, D. macrodidyma, D. alcacerensis and Neonectria sp.1. Pathogenicity was assessed using young, healthy detached green shoots of grapevine ‘Summer Black’ and potted 3-month-old ‘Summer Black’ cuttings. Inoculated detached shoots developed necroses after 7 d, and inoculated cuttings after 80 d. Fungi were re-isolated from necrotic lesions. Among the five species, D. macrodidyma was the most aggressive. This is the first report of C. lageniformis, D. torresensis, D. macrodidyma, D. alcacerensis, and Neonectria sp. 1 associated with black foot in China. This study has enhanced knowledge of the fungi associated with black foot in China, and will assist development of control measures for this disease.

Highlights

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an economically important fruit crop, with global cultivation area of 7,449,000 hectares in 2018, and China is ranked the second in the world grapevine cultivation area (2019 OIV)
For genus confirmation of the isolates, the intervening 5.8S gene regions (ITS) regions were amplified for all the isolates
All sequences obtained were compared to those deposited in GenBank, and the isolates possessed 95%-99% similarity with sequences from the genera Cylindrocladiella, Dactylonectria or Neonectria

Summary

Introduction

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an economically important fruit crop, with global cultivation area of 7,449,000 hectares in 2018, and China is ranked the second in the world grapevine cultivation area (2019 OIV). More than 70 diseases have been reported in grapevines, most of which are caused by fungi or oomycetes (Wilcox et al, 2006), and among these, at least 27 diseases have been reported in China. Qingtong Ye et alii grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) worldwide. These diseases have been reported in almost all the main grapegrowing countries (Gramaje et al, 2018). GTDs are complexes that affect grape yields, wine quality and lifespan of plants in many grape-growing regions. The global financial losses attributed to GTDs are estimated to be more than $US 1.5 billion per year (Hofstetter et al, 2012)

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