Abstract
Maxillary osteomyelitis is defined as bone inflammation in the maxilla, initiated in the medullary cavities, with progression to the cortical portion and the Haversian system, which may affect the periosteum and soft tissues by contiguity. When comparing maxillary and mandibular osteomyelitis, it can be seen that the first is rarer, since maxilla has a thin cortical layer and an extensive network of collateral blood vessels, which together offer a protective role against bone infections. The main predisposing factor for the development of the disease is surgical intervention, a procedure that can cause the infection, more commonly associated with Staphilococcus aureus and epidermidis, and more rarely of fungal etiology.
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