Abstract
MoHrip2 Magnaporthe oryzae hypersensitive protein 2 is an elicitor protein of rice blast fungus M. oryzae. Rice seedlings treated with MoHrip2 have shown an induced resistance to rice blast. To elucidate the mechanism underlying this MoHrip2 elicitation in rice, we used differential-display 2-D gel electrophoresis and qRT-PCR to assess the differential expression among the total proteins extracted from rice leaves at 24 h after treatment with MoHrip2 and buffer as a control. Among ~1000 protein spots detected on each gel, 10 proteins were newly induced, 4 were up-regulated, and 3 were down-regulated in MoHrip2-treated samples compared with the buffer control. Seventeen differentially expressed proteins were detected using MS/MS analysis and categorized into six groups according to their putative function: defense-related transcriptional factors, signal transduction-related proteins, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, programmed cell death (PCD), defense-related proteins, and photosynthesis and energy-related proteins. The qPCR results (relative expression level of genes) further supported the differential expression of proteins in MoHrip2-treated rice leaves identified with 2D-gel, suggesting that MoHrip2 triggers an early defense response in rice leaves via stress-related pathways, and the results provide evidence for elicitor-induced resistance at the protein level.
Highlights
Plants are exposed to various groups of pathogenic microorganisms at every stage of growth and have evolved effective defense mechanisms to cope with the encountered microorganisms
Elicitors of the pathogen trigger plant defense responses such as a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which results in a rapid and highly programmed cell death (PCD) [2], known as the hypersensitive response (HR) [3], and the generation of nitric oxide (NO), all of which are considered as a signal of innate immunity in plants and the source of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses [4,5,6]
About 1000 protein spots were stained with Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 and detected using Image Master 5.0 software (GE Healthcare) on each gel for MoHrip2-treated or buffer-treated samples
Summary
Plants are exposed to various groups of pathogenic microorganisms at every stage of growth and have evolved effective defense mechanisms to cope with the encountered microorganisms. They have the ability to distinguish pathogen-derived compounds known as elicitors, mostly composed of lipids, proteins or glycoproteins [1]. MoHrip Induces Disease Resistance in Rice the pathogen activate plant basal responses, such as the biosynthesis of antimicrobial secondary metabolites (e.g. phytoalexins) and induce the expression of defense-related proteins including pathogenesis-related proteins (PR) [4,7,8]. Elucidating the mechanism underlying elicitor-induced plant responses is important for understanding plant–pathogen interactions and developing new disease control strategies
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