Fungal decolorization of toxic Triphenylmethane dye by newly isolated Ganoderma fungi: Growth, enzyme activity, kinetics

Abstract

White-rot fungi have proven their ability to release ligninolytic enzymes for degrading textile dyes. In the present study, ten new strains of the Ganoderma fungi (6001 to 6010) isolated from Hyrcanian forests in Iran were employed to decolorize Malachite Green (MG) as a toxic textile dye. Two isolates, 6009 and 6007, showed the fastest growth and dye decolorization for solid and liquid media, respectively. The strain 6009, identified as Ganoderma resinaceum, completely degraded MG (> 99 %) within two weeks. The results showed that only the laccase enzyme was present in the media, where its activity in the absence and presence of the MG was 2186 and 1787 U/L, respectively. The second-order model was best fitted to the kinetics of the MG dye decolorization. The performance of G. resinaceum in this study showed that this strain could be successfully used for the fungal degradation of MG dye.