Abstract
ABSTRACTXylose rich of lignocellulosic prehydrolysate could be used for fungal chitosan production effectively by Rhizopus oryzae. When 15 g/L xylose was used as carbon source for R. oryzae AS 3.819 fermentation, almost all of the xylose was consumed for cell growth (4.33 g/L of biomass) and the chitosan extraction yield was 0.11 g/g biomass. Corn stover prehydrolysate by dilute acid-assisted steam explosion pretreatment that contained 30 g/L xylose and 10 g/L glucose was fermented by R. oryzae AS 3.819 for 72 h, the biomass and the chitosan extraction yield were 10.96 g/L and 0.09 g/g biomass. The degree of deacetylation of the fungal chitosan derived from corn stover prehydrolysate (91.27%) was higher than that of the commercial chitosan extracted from natural shellfish exoskeleton (87.25%), and the viscosity of the fungal chitosan derived from corn stover prehydrolysate (2.67 mPa⋅s) had a large decrease compared to the commercial chitosan (22.25 mPa⋅s). The functional groups and thermostability of the fungal chitosan were proofed by Infrared (IR) spectra and Derivative thermogravimetric (DTG), respectively.
Highlights
Chitosan was deacetylated from Chitin, which was one of the most plentiful biopolymers on Earth [1]
A short lag phase was observed at the initial fermentation. 2.36 g/L fungal biomass and 9.3 g/L lactic acid were detected in the broth at 72 h, while the chitosan extraction yield was 0.11 g/g biomass
Xylose was more suitable for chitosan preparation by R. oryzae fermentation than glucose
Summary
Chitosan was deacetylated from Chitin, which was one of the most plentiful biopolymers on Earth [1]. Chitosan has unique characteristics such as biodegradability, biocompatibility and inhibitory action [3], so it could be applied in extensive fields, such as pharmaceutics and cosmetology [4,5,6]. Chitosan is traditionally produced from the waste of shellfish exoskeleton. High concentration of sodium hydroxide (45%–60%) is used in the process of extracting chitosan from chitin [7], which could cause large scale environmental pollution [8]. Only 4% of sodium hydroxide concentration was used for chitosan extraction from fungal biomass [9], which made fungal chitosan an environment-friendly production
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