Abstract
Photovoltaic generation of electricity is caused by the radiation separating positive and negative charges in absorbing material. If the electric field is present these charges can generate an electromotive field and produce a current for use in an external circuit. The fundamentals of photovoltaic generation, therefore, involve the knowledge of science of materials and the photovoltaic effect therein which in turn involve such basic concepts as atomic bonding, metals, semiconductors and insulators, crystal structure (silicon), band gap energy, built-in electrostatic field, PN junction, interaction of matter and radiation. In this chapter we present a review of these concepts.
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