Fundamental Science, Technological Innovation, and Business. A Brief History of Their Interrelation

Abstract

The paper considers the major theoretical concepts of the interrelation between higher education systems, science, technological system, and business in creating and disseminating innovations. The purpose of the paper is to consider motivations of the main actors of these systems and problems of interaction between them. Each of such systems creates its own institutions and types of organizations based on their missions. Initially, science had minor effect on creating and disseminating innovations, while higher education and scientific activities were closely linked to each other in European universities. Along with the spread ofhigher education, the links between science and the development of technology are becoming closer because of wider opportunities for information dissemination and appearance of new relevant institutions. It was the state who played a special role in the formation of our modern innovation system that brought new problems to the development of science and business. However, it is business who would play a main role in the creation of an effective innovation system. The development of science requires new subject areas, staff rotation, and discussions, as well as to enlighten the public.