Abstract
Hollow Cathode Arc (HCA) is a low-pressure arc discharge, which is formed in vacuum by supplying a very small quantity of gas from the tip of hollow cathode. The purpose of this work is to elucidate the HCA characteristics as a welding heat source. In the present work, arc voltage-current characteristics of HCA and its melting characteristics have been discussed. As a result, it is made clear that the HCA process is very sensitive to arc parameters, such as gas flow rate, arc length, electrode shape, and ambient pressure. The results of the present work are summarized as follows.(1) The voltage of HCA increases with the increase of electrode inner diameter and the decrease of Ar gas flow rate.(2) The penetration in HCA melting is extremely deep and huge under the condition that Ar gas flow rate is low and arc length is long.(3) The penetration in HCA melting is sensitive to the minor elements in base metal such as sulfur. Even in the low sulfur material, a deep penetration is formed under high speed and high current conditions. The above results suggest that HCA method is promising as the heat source of welding in space or welding on the earth.
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