Functioning trends of the state banks of Ukraine in the current conditions

Abstract

This article is devoted to the consideration of current trends in the functioning of state-owned banks in Ukraine. The main internal and external problems faced by Ukrainian banking institutions, including state ones, with the beginning of a large-scale invasion and military aggression, are identified. The nationalization and liquidation of banks operating profitably in Ukraine (in particular Alfa-Bank JSC), which was carried out for the first time due to political factors caused by the war, is described. The owners of such banks were citizens of the aggressor country, were under sanctions and could negatively affect the stability of the Ukrainian banking sector.The strategic goals of state banks during the period of martial law and post-war economic recovery are given. The main performance indicators of state-owned banks have been analyzed for the last time. It is noted that state banks attract more than half of all deposits from clients of the country's banking sector, but they invest the majority of their assets in state securities, thus minimizing the risks of their own active operations and helping to finance state budget projects. State banks are leaders in the implementation of state preferential programs, in particular, «Affordable loans 5–7–9%» and «eOselya», which help restore credit and investment financing of economic development processes. The share of state banks in the country's banking sector in various areas of their activity has been determined. The possibilities and potential contribution of state-owned banks to the post-war recovery of the Ukrainian economy are described. It is the state banks that are the leaders in the market of banking services in Ukraine, which enable the state authorities in the extremely difficult conditions of the war to react quickly and implement the necessary changes in the work of the banking sector, with the aim of stabilizing it and influencing the dynamics of monetary policy in the country. Ukrainian state banks work according to a universal business model and cover customer service of all market segments, but potentially they should become state development banks that will contribute to economic growth and sustainable development of our country.