FUNCTIONING OF THE EMOTIVE VOCABULARY IN BELLES-LETTRES TEXTS AND ITS TRANSLATION INTO UKRAINIAN (based on the novel “The Hippopotamus” by Stephen Fry)

Abstract

The article deals with the features of emotive vocabulary functioning in belles-lettres texts as demonstrated on the example of Stephen Fry's novel "The Hippopotamus" and ways of its rendering in the Ukrainian translation. It is determined that emotive vocabulary in belles-lettres works can perform communicative, expressive and pragmatic functions, which create a psychological portrait of a character, provide an emotional interpretation of the world depicted in the text, reveal the inner emotional world of the author's figure. The authors of the research propose their own classification of emotive vocabulary, which is divided into emotives proper (affectives and connotatives), emotive designators (vocabulary which nominates emotions) and emotive descriptors (vocabulary which describes emotions). The use of emotive vocabulary in Stephen Fry's novel "The Hippopotamus" in the amount of 2093 units has been analised. It is established that the most productive type of emotive vocabulary in the work are emotives proper - 1113 units, of which affectives constitute 552 units, and connotatives constitute 561 units. It is determined that emotives most often express the emotional state of the characters, convey their attitude to other people, objects and phenomena, as well as serve as a speech characteristic of the characters. It is established that the rendering of emotives proper in Ukrainian requires the use of such translation techniques as substitution, omission, modulation, calque, differentiation of meaning, integral transformation, generalization, concretization. Less productive types of emotive vocabulary in “The Hippopotamus” are found to be emotive designators and emotive descriptors (612 and 368 units, respectively), which indicate in the text the way the characters experience their feelings, explain to the reader the reasons for their occurrence, or point to the cause, the result, an indirect sign of emotion, as well as serve as a speech characteristic of the protagonist. It is found that productive techniques for the translation of emotive designators and emotive descriptors are the substitution of parts of speech and members of the sentence, differentiation of meaning, permutation and integral transformation.