Abstract
Accelerator functional character was introduced on nanosilica by chemical reaction of sodium isopropyl xanthate (SIPX) with nanosilica (NS). Functional characteristics of nanosilica were confirmed by elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectroscopy. This SIPX functionalized nanosilica (SIPX-NS) incorporated natural rubber (NR) composites were used to evaluate the dispersion of silica in rubber and also the interaction between rubber and filler. The finely dispersed SIPX-NS particles in the NR matrix are revealed from the morphological analysis. Subtle changes in the surface chemistry of silica had a profound influence on dispersibility in the NR matrix. NR 4SIPX-NS composite showed an increase in tensile strength by 10%, flex crack initiation resistance by 13%, tensile strength retention by 16% and cure time reduced by 2 min relative to those of NR 3NS composite. This simple, efficient and cost-effective surface modification of silica improved the vulcanization efficiency and mechanical performance of NR composites and has great potential in the fabrication of high-performance polymer composites.Graphical abstract
Highlights
Nanosilica is an emerging environment-friendly nanofiller used for the reinforcement of elastomers and is not derived from petroleum resources [1][2]
This improved resistance may be due to the presence of long hydrocarbon chains in sodium isopropyl xanthate (SIPX)-NS, which helped for the better dispersion of nanosilica and improved crosslinking [44]
Synergistic effects of the accelerator sodium isopropyl xanthate and nanosilica on thermooxidative aging resistance and cure characteristics for natural rubber were studied in this work
Summary
Nanosilica is an emerging environment-friendly nanofiller used for the reinforcement of elastomers and is not derived from petroleum resources [1][2] These nanoparticles have high surface energy and a tendency to agglomerate because of the groups like siloxane and silanol present on silica surface [3]. The modification on the surface of silica through reactions with organosilanes is used in the polymer and rubber industry for the improvement in mechanical properties. Silica-supported vulcanizing accelerator was prepared by grafting 2-benzothiazolethiol [12] onto the surface of silane modified silica to improve the silica-matrix interaction and silica dispersion in SBR. Xu et al [19] used Epoxidised Natural Rubber (ENR) as an interfacial modifier to improve the mechanical and dynamical mechanical properties of NR/silica composites. Modification of nanosilica improved curing, mechanical performance, crosslink density and aging resistance of NR
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