Functionalization of Polycaprolactone Electrospun Osteoplastic Scaffolds with Fluorapatite and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles: Biocompatibility Comparison of Human Versus Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Khrystyna Malysheva,Yaroslav Bobitski,Olexandr Korchynskyi,Amir Fahmi,Iaroslav Gnilitskyi,Viktor Zinchenko,Konrad Kwaśniak,Adriana Barylyak

doi:10.3390/ma14061333

Abstract

A capability for effective tissue reparation is a living requirement for all multicellular organisms. Bone exits as a precisely orchestrated balance of bioactivities of bone forming osteoblasts and bone resorbing osteoclasts. The main feature of osteoblasts is their capability to produce massive extracellular matrix enriched with calcium phosphate minerals. Hydroxyapatite and its composites represent the most common form of bone mineral providing mechanical strength and significant osteoinductive properties. Herein, hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite functionalized composite scaffolds based on electrospun polycaprolactone have been successfully fabricated. Physicochemical properties, biocompatibility and osteoinductivity of generated matrices have been validated. Both the hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite containing polycaprolactone composite scaffolds demonstrated good biocompatibility towards mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, the presence of both hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite nanoparticles increased scaffolds’ wettability. Furthermore, incorporation of fluorapatite nanoparticles enhanced the ability of the composite scaffolds to interact and support the mesenchymal stem cells attachment to their surfaces as compared to hydroxyapatite enriched composite scaffolds. The study of osteoinductive properties showed the capacity of fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite containing composite scaffolds to potentiate the stimulation of early stages of mesenchymal stem cells’ osteoblast differentiation. Therefore, polycaprolactone based composite scaffolds functionalized with fluorapatite nanoparticles generates a promising platform for future bone tissue engineering applications.

Highlights

Injuries and diseases associated with bones still represent an important clinical challenge [1,2,3]
Images (Figure 1) demonstrate an average thickness of fibers within the scaffolds varying in the range of 2–10 micrometers
Paper,we we described physicochemical biological properties of

Summary

Introduction

Injuries and diseases associated with bones still represent an important clinical challenge [1,2,3]. Large bone defects or injuries, caused by complex trauma (including military and traffic accident), non-jointing fractures, bone tumor resection, arthroplasty surgery, infection or genetic disorders are serious problems in orthopedics and dentistry [3,8,9,10]. This can lead to non-union of bone and the loss of functional support to surrounding tissues, with the consequence of significant impact on the quality of patients life [3,10]. Efficient high-quality bone grafting is crucially important for the healing of the bone defects that occur as a result

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