Functional states of antioxidant enzymatic complex of tissues of Mytillus galloprovincialis Lam. under conditions of oxidative stress

Abstract

There are generalized materials on reaction of enzymatic antioxidant (AO) complex of tissues of molluscs of the genus Mytilus to oxidative loading of different intensity. It is shown that with increase of level of oxidative stress, a rise of activity of glutathione peroxidase (GP) and glutathione reductase (GR) is observed, as well as the rate of glutathione (GSH) in tissues also increases. Then the toxic loading is compensated by a rise of activities of enzymes of low affinity to hydroperoxides, specifically of catalase. In the glutathione system, it is possible to identify several relatively steady states: of low, moderate, and highly intensive processes. In several tissues, functioning of the AO system seems to be directed not to rendering harmless, but to generation of reactive oxygen species (O2-, superoxide dismutase), which is likely to be determined by specificity of their running processes (destruction of damaged byssus theads). The molluscan AO complex is characterized by high lability and sensitivity both to physiological states (spawning) and to action of factors of anthropogenic nature (cationic detergents). Reactions of AO complex of the mussel to the natural states and to toxic action are comparable between each other, which is necessary to be taken into account at diagnostics of the aquatic medium.