Functional State of the Bioelectrical Activity of the Brain in Cervical Osteochondrosis

Abstract

Spinal osteochondrosis takes one of the first places among all chronic diseases, and every second osteochondrosis patient has dystrophic and degenerative changes in the spine in the cervical region. Manifestations of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine are diverse, which often interferes with the diagnosis and subsequent treatment. In osteochondrosis of the cervical spine, clinical symptoms may occur associated with insufficient blood supply to areas of the brain and that would require diagnostic methods that are not included in the standards for diagnosing the disease. In order to study the bioelectrical activity of the brain in 25 patients of the Department of Neurosurgery of Irkutsk Scientific Centre of Surgery and Traumatology with osteochondrosis of the cervical spine with cerebrovascular syndrome; a comparison was made of EEG indicators with a group of healthy volunteers that is representative by sex and age. Encephalogram indices were recorded using an EEG-21/26 Encephalan-131-03 encephalograph (Taganrog) with a standard installation of scalp EEG electrodes using the 10-20system. An analysis of the rhythms of the bioelectrical activity of the brain in the clinical comparison group revealed a normal zonal distribution with an alpha rhythm dominating the EEG, which generally reflects a high degree of organization of neuroactivity and indicates the stability of cerebral homeostasis. At the same time, in the main group, EEG indicators significantly differed from the values of the norm and indicators of the control group. Analysis of the bioelectrical activity of the brain of patients with osteochondrosis of the cervical spine was characterized by disorganization of cortical rhythmics with a combination of moderate and diffuse disorders of varying severity. There was a shift in the frequency of bioelectric activity towards slow waves, which is a characteristic of dyscirculatory encephalopathy. Thus, the study of brain biopotentials (EEG) in patients with osteochondrosis of the cervical spine has diagnostic and prognostic significance, as well as a measure of the current clinical condition of the patient.