Functional state of the autonomic nervous system, adaptation, homeostasis and reactivity of the organism in the clinic of tuberculosis and sarcoidosis

Abstract

In recent decades, the shift in priority in the treatment of patients with pulmonary granulomatosis in the direction of etiotropic therapy and reduced attention to the state of the macroorganism led to a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment. In modern conditions, when carrying out complex therapy for patients with tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, insufficient attention is paid to the state and dynamics of adaptation, resistance, homeostasis and reactivity of the organism. At the same time, the dynamics of these processes in patients is insignificant, the homeostatic balance of the organism is not restored, and the reactivity of the organism remains at the pathological level, with the predominance of paradoxical, hyporeactive and areactive types. This is due to the continuing influence on the regulatory centers of the vegetative system of not diagnosed, latent, ongoing tuberculosis intoxication. Undetected specific intoxication causes in patients activation of the sympathetic department, suppression of parasympathetic and development of dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system. Its dysfunction leads to a decrease in vascular supply of the organism, a high tension of anabolic processes, and a further change in the functional activity of both parts of this system when pathology develops. In addition, the emergence of vegetative dysfunction leads to a high consumption of plastic materials, energy resources, a decrease in the functional reserves of the body, a decrease and depletion of the body’s defense systems, its anti-inflammatory potential and the reactivity of the organism as a whole. These changes lead to an extension of the main course of treatment and the formation of expressed residual tubercular and sarcoidosis in the respiratory organs. To restore these disorders, it is necessary to carry out complex therapy with the inclusion of a personified appointment of activators of protective systems under the control of monitoring their effectiveness.