Abstract
The evolution of the electrical power sector due to the advances in digitalization, decarbonization and decentralization has led to the increase in challenges within the current distribution network. Therefore, there is an increased need to analyze the impact of the smart grid and its implemented solutions in order to address these challenges at the earliest stage, i.e., during the pilot phase and before large-scale deployment and mass adoption. Therefore, this paper presents the scalability and replicability analysis conducted within the European project InteGrid. Within the project, innovative solutions are proposed and tested in real demonstration sites (Portugal, Slovenia, and Sweden) to enable the DSO as a market facilitator and to assess the impact of the scalability and replicability of these solutions when integrated into the network. The analysis presents a total of three clusters where the impact of several integrated smart tools is analyzed alongside future large scale scenarios. These large scale scenarios envision significant penetration of distributed energy resources, increased network dimensions, large pools of flexibility, and prosumers. The replicability is analyzed through different types of networks, locations (country-wise), or time (daily). In addition, a simple replication path based on a step by step approach is proposed as a guideline to replicate the smart functions associated with each of the clusters.
Highlights
The focus of this paper is on the functional-oriented scalability and replicability analysis (SRA), meaning that the analysis focuses on the output of the different smart grid functions when they are implemented under various high impact conditions
It consists of 855 nodes and is connected to the transmission grid by a 60/10 kV primary substation composed of 4 on-load tap changers (OLTC) and 1 capacitor bank coupled to the medium voltage (MV) side
Cluster 02 combines advanced tools for the predictive operation of low voltage (LV) networks recurring to the flexibility provided by domestic consumers through their home energy management systems (HEMS) and distribution system operator (DSO)-owned resources, such as OLTCs and energy storage system (ESS), taking Cluster 01’s assumptions for these
Summary
The power sector is currently experiencing a revolution in the way electricity is generated, transmitted, and distributed. These changes are largely driven by enhancements of decarbonization policies, increased digitalization, and increased demand for the electrification of assets. The network has seen rapid growth in the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as photovoltaic (PV), wind, and electric vehicles (EVs), within the distribution system. These ambitious goals, do not come without consequence to the distribution system operator (DSO), and their integration has resulted in several challenges, e.g., increased network congestion and voltage violations
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