FUNCTIONAL QUALITIES OF LVIV’S NEWEST CHRISTIAN CHURCHES

Abstract

The article consides the problems of Lviv’s newest sacred architectural buildings, namely their functional qualities. It is proven that among the main reasons why religious people rarely attend liturgies can be a lack of time or a general reluctance to visit the church, giving priority to other matters. The following principles of the designing of church educational institutions are given: denominationalism and ecumenism; multi-education; sacredness; worldliness; inclusiveness; flexibility and mobility; traditionalism and modernity. The main functional zones are distinguished, which include the entrance zone, sanctuary, entertainment and recreation, educational, dining, residential, commercial, administrative, technical, household, exhibition and auxiliary groups of objects. The necessity of searching for new ways and means of spreading spiritual knowledge in society is indicated. It requires new methods and approaches in the design of institutions of religious activity. Special attention is paid to the needs of people with disabilities. Public spaces are divided into functional and cultural and educational spaces. Types of location of public spaces in churches are described, they are: part of the floor, in a specially built building, with a specially decorated entrance, under the open sky, part of the building. The topic of public space in temples is considered. It is noted that the building of the spiritual retreat center, which combines various social functions, is designed in such a way as to ensure the comfort of visitors and the smooth operation of all functional processes. The internal organization of space plays an important role in this. The interior is the final addition to create an artistic image and overall harmonious composition. In the study, the functions of sacred architecture are determined: (commercial function, social/public function, religious function, etc.). It is determined that the church, as a building, is historically something more than a religious building. It is proposed to design the temple as multifunctional and to develop it not only as a religious building, but also as a public area. Recommendations on the architectural solution of sacred buildings are given, an overview of individual examples of modern sacred architecture in Lviv is given. The functional properties of modern churches in Lviv are analyzed.