Abstract
ATP‐sensitive potassium channels (KATP) channels are widely distributed in various tissues, including pancreatic beta cells, muscle tissue and brain tissue. KATP channels play an important role in cardioprotection in physiological/pathological situations. KATP channels are inhibited by an increase in the intracellular ATP concentration and are stimulated by an increase in the intracellular MgADP concentration. Activation of KATP channels decreases ischaemia/reperfusion injury, protects cardiomyocytes from heart failure, and reduces the occurrence of arrhythmias. KATP channels are involved in various signalling pathways, and their participation in protective processes is regulated by endogenous signalling molecules, such as nitric oxide and hydrogen sulphide. KATP channels may act as a new drug target to fight against cardiovascular disease in the development of related drugs in the future. This review highlights the potential mechanisms correlated with the protective role of KATP channels and their therapeutic value in cardiovascular diseases.
Highlights
Arrhythmia is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular diseases
The ATP‐sensitive potassium (KATP) channel was first identified by Noma in cardiomyocytes treated with hypoxia using the patch clamp technique in 1983.1 KATP channels are characterized by channel inhibition because of an increase in the intracellular ATP concentration and
Cumulative evidence has indicated that KATP channels, which are ATP‐sensitive potassium channels, are widely distributed in various tissues, including pancreatic beta cells, muscle tissue, and brain tissue, and play an important role in cardioprotection in physiological and/or pathological states
Summary
Arrhythmia is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular diseases. Several ion channels in cardiomyocytes shape action potentials, trigger electrophysiological activities, and excitation‐contraction coupling (ECC), and induce cardiac contraction and blood pumping within the circulatory system. Stimulation because of an increase in the intracellular MgADP concentration.[2,3,4] Cumulative evidence has indicated that KATP channels, which are ATP‐sensitive potassium channels, are widely distributed in various tissues, including pancreatic beta cells, muscle tissue, and brain tissue, and play an important role in cardioprotection in physiological and/or pathological states.
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