Abstract
The design, synthesis and property characterization of new functional materials has garnered interest in a variety of fields. Materials that are capable of recognizing and binding with small molecules have applications in sensing, sequestration, delivery and property modification. Specifically, recognition of pharmaceutical compounds is of interest in each of the aforementioned application areas. Numerous pharmaceutical compounds comprise functional groups that are capable of engaging in hydrogen-bonding interactions; thus, materials that are able to act as hydrogen-bond receptors are of significant interest for these applications. In this review, we highlight some crystalline and polymeric materials that recognize and engage in hydrogen-bonding interactions with pharmaceuticals or small biomolecules. Moreover, as pharmaceuticals often exhibit multiple hydrogen-bonding sites, many donor/acceptor molecules have been specifically designed to interact with the drug via such multiple-point hydrogen bonds. The formation of multiple hydrogen bonds not only increases the strength of the interaction but also affords unique hydrogen-bonded architectures.
Highlights
The field of organic materials chemistry is consistently seeking to design and synthesize materials with novel and useful properties and functions
This review presents an overview of some synthetic approaches that can be used to design small molecules and polymers capable of forming hydrogen bonds with pharmaceuticals and small biomolecules
Many of these pharmaceuticals and biomolecules are composed of numerous hydrogenbond donor and acceptor sites
Summary
The field of organic materials chemistry is consistently seeking to design and synthesize materials with novel and useful properties and functions. Analogous to retrosynthetic analysis for preparation of a new molecule [6], a 2 retrosynthetic approach to functional materials involves using molecular building blocks that will interact through known and reliable interactions in the resulting material These interactions may include covalent or non-covalent bonds. In addition to assembling large biological molecules, hydrogen bonding has been used to construct crystalline and polymeric materials that exhibit novel and responsive properties [16,17,18,19]. One such property is the capacity to sense or recognize other molecules, which often occurs due to an interaction between the two species, such as non-covalent forces [20,21]. We will discuss the design strategies and successful applications of some of these materials
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