Abstract
Since its inception in the early 1990s, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has evolved into a versatile and widely used technique to study the brain. This chapter provides an introduction to the principles of MRI and fMRI as well as a detailed look at the physiological source of the fMRI signal. The chapter is organized into the following sections: (1) the physics of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), image formation, and contrast mechanisms; (2) an overview of functional MRI; (3) fMRI experiment design; (4) fMRI data analysis; (5) biophysical modeling of the fMRI signal; (6) spatial and temporal resolution in fMRI; (7) signal and noise considerations; and (8) an introduction to combined fMRI and electroencephalography (EEG) analysis.
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