Functional interaction of G protein-coupled receptors of the adrenomedullin peptide family with accessory receptor-activity-modifying proteins (RAMP).

Abstract

Adrenomedullin (AM), alpha- and beta-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), calcitonin (CT), and amylin are homologous polypeptides with overlapping biological actions such as vasodilatation and inhibition of bone resorption. They are brought about through receptors that include the CT receptor (CTR) and an initially orphan CT receptor-like receptor (CRLR) in association with receptor-activity-modifying proteins (RAMP)1, -2, and -3. Co-expression of CRLR with RAMP1 or -2 revealed CGRP or AM receptors, respectively. The CTR interacts with CT and does not require a known RAMP for functional expression. The same CTR is a CGRP/amylin or an amylin receptor upon co-expression with RAMP1 or -3, respectively. Interactions between CRLR and RAMP are thought to be required for their delivery to the cell surface. There, heterodimeric complexes between CRLR or CTR and the corresponding RAMP reveal high-affinity receptors for AM, CGRP, and amylin. Here we review the current knowledge on interactions of G protein-coupled receptors with defined associated proteins.