Abstract
Apple is one of the most prominent fleshy fruits in the world, and photosynthesis is the main factor that influences the intrinsic quality of the fruit. Chlorophyll is an important pigment in photosynthesis and is highly abundant in apple leaves. Although there are many studies on chlorophyll metabolism in apples, most studies have focused on cultivation management, and related molecular regulation research is weak. In this study, we characterized a GOLDEN2-like transcription factor, MdGLK1, in detail. MdGLK1 was expressed mainly in leaves according to gene expression assay and GUS-staining analysis. The MdGLK1 protein was located in the nucleus and exhibited strong transactivation activity. A yeast two-hybrid assay revealed that MdGLK1 formed a homodimer, and the GCT box domain was responsible for dimerization. Overexpression of MdGLK1 restored the chloroplast-defective phenotype of the glk1glk2 mutant and promoted the transcript levels of chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis-related genes. Together, these results suggest that MdGLK1 positively regulates chlorophyll biosynthesis and may be a candidate gene for improved intrinsic qualities of apple fruit.
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