Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are age related decline in the functionality of neurons and nerve cells hampering healthy ageing and associated with features such as learning shortfall, memory mishap, subjective decay and long term dementia. Biochemical underlying hallmarks include oxidative stress as a result of ROS generation and mitochondrial dysfunction, cholinesterase malfunction and inflammation of neurons. Neurodegenerative diseases represent a major threat to ageing population, as it is projected that in 2050, one in eighty-five individuals would have Alzheimer’s disease. In this review, various functional foods were elucidated to possess bioactive compounds that exhibit neuroprotective activities via their: antioxidant, anti-amyloid aggregation, modification of monoamines and acetylcholinesterase inhibition amongst others. Lately, illuminating directions are towards frugal functional foods and bioactive compounds that would help the global populace as medicinal foods in the prevention, treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases. This review attempts to evaluate the various functional foods, their bioactive compounds, their possible mechanism of action in the attempt to ensure healthy ageing, novel drug development and frugal neurodegenerative diseases management.
Highlights
It has been discovered that consumption of certain foods from plants and some other sources produce certain therapeutic effect, they possess bioactive compounds, and their intake serve as a way of assessing their health benefits [1], such foods are referred to as functional foods
A term has been proposed, " Last-in-First-out" which alludes to the marvel in which the neural circuits develop late in the formative life cycle are progressively powerless against neuro-degeneration and this idea helps in early expectation of any sort of dementia expressed that a solid movement pattern need input not just from the neurological framework connected to motor and tangible neurons yet from cortical procedures for example to judge, plan and a spatial mindfulness [58]
Natural compounds or naturally-derived compounds have the potential to serve as the main neurodegenerative therapeutics, representing a significant of the available modalities in treatment
Summary
It has been discovered that consumption of certain foods from plants and some other sources produce certain therapeutic effect, they possess bioactive compounds (such as polyphenols, alkaloids etc.), and their intake serve as a way of assessing their health benefits [1], such foods are referred to as functional foods. Many of these functional foods possess antioxidant activity and have been proposed to be beneficial in the management of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease, especially as cholinesterases, monoamine oxidase, and α-secretase inhibitors and prevention of α-amyloid aggregation [2,3]. Research evidences indicated that consumption of vegetables, fruits, teas, spices, and herbs is associated with reduced risk of several neurodegenerative ailments [12]
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