Functional food in Indonesia: An analysis of legal and institutional framework

Abstract

Indonesia has functional food regulation in 2005 through the Regulation of the Head of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency Number HK 00.05.52.0685 concerning Provisions on Basic Functional Food Control. However, there is a shift in the term to “Claims on Processed Food Labels” or later known as “Claimed Foods” in accordance with the Regulation of the Head of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency Number 13 of 2016. The dynamics of policy changes are reviewed through qualitative methods with a content analysis approach. The results of the study indicate that the development of science and technology, as well as international consensus through the annual session of the Codex Alimentarius Commission has an effect on regulation in Indonesia, and has been adjusted to Nutrition and Health Claims (CAC/GL 23–1997), Guidelines for Use of Nutrition and Health Claims, Adopted in 1997. Revised in 2004. Amended in 2001, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. Annex adopted 2009. In addition, it also required 1) Guidelines for the Development of Functional Food and its claims directed at nutritional functions, improving function or decrease in disease risk in the framework of promotive and preventive efforts after the fulfillment of balanced nutrition, and 2) regulations related to functional food, especially the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). It would be more beneficial if SNI for functional food was arranged in general, not for each product or for every benefit. SNI that can be compiled are SNI terms and definitions (term and definition), SNI for functional food guidelines and SNI code of practice for functional food claims.