Functional disorders: pathogenesis and systematic of clinical presentation

Abstract

Functional disorders hold a prominent place in the clinical practice of physicians of different specialties. The difficulties in the diagnosis of functional disorders need expensive examinations, and standard treatment is, as a rule, is not effective. Currently, the pathogenesis of these disorders is considered in the frames of the biopsychosocial model. In this literature review, the authors present modern concepts of terminology, classification, main features and general trends of the course of functional disorders. Special attention is drawn to comorbidity, a role of psychogenic factors and cerebral mechanisms of the pathogenesis including cognitive aspects.