FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM OF THE SOWING UNIT BASED ON A PNEUMATICCALLY OPERATED SEEDER

Abstract

The purpose of the study is developing a structural scheme for the operation of a pneumatic seeding unit. Seeding down is one of the main technological processes determining the final result of total field operations targeted at the cultivation of grains. It is possible to determine the influence of various factors, including design solutions, on the quality performance of the sowing unit by developing and analyzing its structural scheme of functioning. Based on the analysis of constructive-technological scheme of the machine-tractor unit for grains sowing, conditions of work, textural composition and physical and mechanical properties of seed and fertilizer structural diagram of the functioning of the sowing unit with pneumatically operated seeder was developed. The analysis of the structural scheme of functioning of the sowing unit allowed revealing main directions of improvement of qualitative and quantitative indicators of seeding. Improving the accuracy of seeding is determined by setting the seeding machine to a given seeding rate, taking into regard compensation for wheel slippage. The improved uniformity of seeding in rows may account for the improvement of the design of rail line (from the ejector to the distributor) and reduction of the ripple of the sown material from that meter, as well as the partial smoothing of the motion of seed in the pneumatic system of the drill. Reducing seed injury is possible due to the improving the design of the sowing apparatus, reducing the speed mode of the air concentrated product flow, improving the design of the pneumatic system in terms of preventing frontal impacts of particles on the walls of the pneumatic system. Improving the uniformity of seeding in a row is determined by the design of the Coulter group and its compliance with the speed mode of the seeder operation, subject to the permissible values of the air outlet speed from the Coulter.