Functional designed S-doped FeWO4 hybrid for efficient mebendazole electro-oxidation and photodegradation of Methylene Blue

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Sulfur-doped FeWO4 nanoparticles were synthesized via co-precipitation followed by the calcination method. The prepared samples were characterized by various techniques such as XR, FTIR, SEM, TEM, UV-DRS, PL, XPS and CV. The XRD analysis confirmed the characteristic suggesting the monoclinic phase of the S doped FeWO4. In contrast, the flower like rod like morphology found from SEM and TEM. Additionally, the study determined the optimal parameters for achieving maximum degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) dye. The most significant degradation percentage occurred when utilizing 50 mg of S-doped FeWO4 nanoparticles per 100 mL of MB solution, exposed to visible light for 70 min. Subsequently, the Mebendazole (MBZ) drug was detected using differential pulse voltammetry, employing an S-doped FeWO4 modified GCE as working electrode. Linear responses to the MBZ drug within the absorption collection of 0.1 × 10-8 to 12.4 × 10-9 M were observed, showing a sensitivity of 4.563 µA/10-8M. The detection limit (DL) and quantification limit (QL) were calculated as 5.11 nM µA-1 and 17.54 nM µA-1, respectively, with signal-to-noise ratios of S/N=3. Finally, it shows that s-doped FeWO4 esterification process, the S-doped FeWO4 catalyst was effectively functional to create benzoic acid and convert it to ester from benzoic acid, ethanol, and H2SO4 acid for organic heterogeneous catalyst.