Abstract
Adipose tissue can affect the metabolic control of the cardiovascular system, and its anatomic location can affect the vascular function differently. In this study, biochemical and phenotypical characteristics of adipose tissue from periaortic fat were evaluated. Periaortic and subcutaneous adipose tissues were obtained from areas surrounding the ascending aorta and sternotomy incision, respectively. Adipose tissues were collected from patients undergoing myocardial revascularization or mitral valve replacement surgery. Morphological studies with hematoxylin/eosin and immunohistochemical assay were performed in situ to quantify adipokine expression. To analyze adipogenic capacity, adipokine expression, and the levels of thermogenic proteins, adipocyte precursor cells were isolated from periaortic and subcutaneous adipose tissues and induced to differentiation. The precursors of adipocytes from the periaortic tissue accumulated less triglycerides than those from the subcutaneous tissue after differentiation and were smaller than those from subcutaneous adipose tissue. The levels of proteins involved in thermogenesis and energy expenditure increased significantly in periaortic adipose tissue. Additionally, the expression levels of adipokines that affect carbohydrate metabolism, such as FGF21, increased significantly in mature adipocytes induced from periaortic adipose tissue. These results demonstrate that precursors of periaortic adipose tissue in humans may affect cardiovascular events and might serve as a target for preventing vascular diseases.
Highlights
Several studies have reported that the function of adipose tissue is partly determined by its anatomical location and the influence of adjacent tissues
Other studies have reported that adipose tissue surrounding the ascending aorta artery expresses proteins involved in energy expenditure, such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), indicating that it probably is similar to brown adipose tissue (BAT) [12], Periaortic adipose tissue (PAT) in the abdominal aorta does not express UCP-1 [13, 14]
The levels of proteins involved in energy expenditure (PGC-1α, UCP-1, CITED1, and TFAM) increased in adipocytes from PAT compared to those from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT)
Summary
Several studies have reported that the function of adipose tissue is partly determined by its anatomical location and the influence of adjacent tissues. Other studies have reported that adipose tissue surrounding the ascending aorta artery expresses proteins involved in energy expenditure, such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), indicating that it probably is similar to BAT [12], PAT in the abdominal aorta does not express UCP-1 [13, 14]. Pathophysiological conditions, such as obesity, hypertension, and diabetes, may induce an imbalance in the production of bioactive molecules by perivascular adipose tissue and promote cardiovascular
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
