Functional Characteristics of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Pituitary Adenomas.

Kaspars Megnis,Ilona Mandrika,Janis Stukens,Laima Sabine Jansone,Vita Rovite,Raitis Peculis,Inga Balcere,Ramona Petrovska,Valdis Pirags,Janis Klovins

doi:10.1155/2016/7103720

Abstract

Pituitary adenomas are one of the most common endocrine and intracranial neoplasms. Although they are theoretically monoclonal in origin, several studies have shown that they contain different multipotent cell types that are thought to play an important role in tumor initiation, maintenance, and recurrence after therapy. In the present study, we isolated and characterized cell populations from seven pituitary somatotroph, nonhormonal, and lactotroph adenomas. The obtained cells showed characteristics of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells as observed by cell morphology, cell surface marker CD90, CD105, CD44, and vimentin expression, as well as differentiation to osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. They are capable of growth and passaging under standard laboratory cell culture conditions and do not manifest any hormonal cell characteristics. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells are present in pituitary adenomas regardless of their clinical manifestation and show no considerable expression of somatostatin 1–5 and dopamine 2 receptors. Most likely obtained cells are a part of tissue-supportive cells in pituitary adenoma microenvironment.

Highlights

Pituitary adenomas are typically slowly progressing benign intracranial endocrine tumors
Cells isolated from pituitary adenomas adhered to the surface of culture plastic plates within 24 h and showed epithelial-like cell morphology (Figure 1(a))
Cells obtained from different types of pituitary adenomas showed similar cell morphology

Summary

Introduction

Pituitary adenomas are typically slowly progressing benign intracranial endocrine tumors. They can be found in up to 14,4%–22,5% of population [1, 2]. Other two cases may lead to either pituitary hormone insufficiency or excess. Such hormonal alterations can lead to several syndromes, including acromegaly and Cushing’s disease as well as several more common and less specific symptoms [5, 6]. Current medical therapies include transsphenoidal resection, pharmacotherapy with somatostatin or dopamine analogs, and irradiation but they have been proven to be insufficient in number of cases [7, 8]

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Results

Discussion

Conclusion