Abstract
Simple SummaryEndometrial cancer is currently one of the most common gynecological cancer and accounts for around 5% of all female cancers. The treatment strategy most often includes surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy. Thanks to the high effectiveness of used treatment methods, the patients can live longer lives. Unfortunately their quality of life can be negatively affected by side effects resulting from weakening pelvic floor such as urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and fecal incontinence. In our paper we analyzed the studies published between 2010 and 2020 that touch upon the prevalence and management of pelvic floor dysfunction in endometrial cancer patients. Our results show increase in the incidence of pelvic floor disorders after various forms of endometrial cancer treatment and the need for more good quality research in the subject to be able to provide patients with holistic care focused on minimizing treatment side effects and prioritizing their quality of life.The incidence of endometrial cancer (EC), which coexists with such civilization diseases as diabetes, obesity or hypertension, is constantly increasing. Treatment includes surgery as well as brachytherapy, teletherapy, rarely chemotherapy or hormone therapy. Due to the good results of the treatment, the occurrence of side effects of therapy becomes a problem for the patients. One of the large groups of side effects includes the pelvic organ prolapse, urinary and fecal incontinence. The aim of this study was to present current knowledge on the occurrence of pelvic floor dysfunction in women treated for EC. A literature review was conducted in the PubMED and WoS databases, including articles on pelvic floor dysfunction in women with EC. PRISMA principles were followed in the research methodology. A total of 1361 publications were retrieved. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 papers were eligible for the review. Mostly retrospective studies based on different questionnaires were evaluated. No prospective studies were found in which, in addition to subjective assessment, clinical examination and objective assessment of urinary incontinence were used. Studies show a significant increase in the incidence of pelvic floor disorders, including urinary incontinence, after various forms of EC treatment. We believe that assessment of complications after endometrial cancer treatment is clinically relevant. The review emphasizes the importance of programming prospective studies to prevent and address these disorders at each stage of oncologic treatment.
Highlights
Cancers of the female reproductive organs including the mammary gland account for more than 40% of all female oncological problems [1,2]
In this paper we focus on one of the most important aspects affecting the comfort of life after endometrial cancer treatment
While this study showed a high prevalence of pelvic floor disorders in women after abdominal hysterectomy for endometrial cancer, it was performed on a small number of women and did not include a preoperative urogynecological assessment
Summary
Cancers of the female reproductive organs including the mammary gland account for more than 40% of all female oncological problems [1,2]. The problem of pelvic floor dysfunction after gynecologic cancer treatment is often treated perfunctorily in the literature, as it is in clinical management the oncology treatment-oriented cancer patient. Dysfunction in the pelvic floor after cancer treatment is one of the main reasons for reduced quality of life in female patients [12], deserves attention. We believe that creating such a review will systematize the knowledge of this issue, will be important for making correct clinical decisions during endometrial cancer treatment, and will indicate the way for future research on pelvic floor dysfunction in patients with EC. In this paper we focus on one of the most important aspects affecting the comfort of life after endometrial cancer treatment (i.e., various forms of pelvic floor dysfunction with particular emphasis on urinary incontinence). We qualified papers from 2010–2020, in English, that considered the occurrence of pelvic floor dysfunction at diagnosis and each stage of endometrial cancer treatment
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