Functional changes of military men's external respiration system in contrast seasons in the Arctic.

Abstract

In the article, there have been presented results of a spi-rometric study conducted in the period of a polar day and a polar night in the same 20 military men on the Frantz Josef Land Archipelago (80°04' N, 47°05' E). It has been established that vital capacity of the military men increased by 26.6 % in the polar night period compared to the polar day (p = 0.001). During a fractional analysis of vital capacity, it has been detected that in the the polar night period, there were observed 21.4 % higher expiratory reserve volumes compared to the polar day period (р = 0.006) as distinct from the inspiratory reserve volumes and breathing capacity which did not have statistically significant seasonal differences. Oxygen cost volumes were higher by 16.6 % in the polar night period compared to the polar day period (р = 0.015). Calculation of values of one respiratory and cardiac cycles in the military men has shown their statistically significant excess in the polar night period compared to the polar day (р = 0.002 and р = 0.005 respectively).