Abstract
The anatomical structures of the rectum and anus are a functional unit designed to maintain continence mechanism. A pure anatomical description often fails to delineate this critical functional interaction. The topographic anatomy of the anorectum must be combined with an understanding of the mechanisms of anal continence and defecation, which can be transferred to clinical and especially surgical practice. The feedback-controlled reflex system of continence must be understood; it hinges on a complex interaction between the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
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