Abstract
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited disease associated with point mutations in mitochondrial DNA. The most frequent of these mutations is the G-to-A substitution at nucleotide position 11,778 which changes an evolutionarily conserved arginine with a histidine at position 340 in subunit ND4 of NADH: ubiquinone reductase (respiratory complex I). We report that this amino acid substitution alters the affinity of complex I for the ubiquinone substrate and induces resistance towards its potent inhibitor rotenone in mitochondria of LHON patients. Such changes could reflect a substantial loss in the energy conserving function of NADH: ubiquinone reductase and thus explain the pathological effect of the ND4/11,778 mutation.
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