Abstract
Most viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of host cells form neoorganelles that serve as sites of viral genome replication and particle assembly. These highly specialized structures concentrate viral proteins and nucleic acids, prevent the activation of cell-intrinsic defenses, and coordinate the release of progeny particles. Reoviruses are common pathogens of mammals that have been linked to celiac disease and show promise for oncolytic applications. These viruses form nonenveloped, double-shelled virions that contain ten segments of double-stranded RNA. Replication organelles in reovirus-infected cells are nucleated by viral nonstructural proteins µNS and σNS. Both proteins partition the endoplasmic reticulum to form the matrix of these structures. The resultant membranous webs likely serve to anchor viral RNA–protein complexes for the replication of the reovirus genome and the assembly of progeny virions. Ongoing studies of reovirus replication organelles will advance our knowledge about the strategies used by viruses to commandeer host biosynthetic pathways and may expose new targets for therapeutic intervention against diverse families of pathogenic viruses.
Highlights
Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that require host cells in order to replicate and produce infectious progeny
Relative to the initial steps of reovirus infection, less is known about the later replication steps, especially those required for the formation of viral replication organelles (Table 1)
These neoorganelles are specialized structures required for productive viral infection and represent the morphological rewiring of host cells to foster the assembly of thousands of progeny viral particles
Summary
Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that require host cells in order to replicate and produce infectious progeny. Virus entry into host cells is followed by capsid uncoating, genome transcription and replication, synthesis of viral proteins, assembly of progeny virions, and egress. Viruses form cytoplasmic inclusions with a characteristic morphology These neoorganelles constitute sites of genome replication and virion assembly, and contain abundant viral RNA and proteins [6,7,8]. For many viruses, it is still not known how these structures form and mediate combination of ultrastructural and functional studies has enhancedofour about and functions The in viral replication. For many viruses, itthese is stillneoorganelles not known howwith thesethe structures form factories and mediate function of reovirus inclusions and compare replication formed functions in viral. Function of reovirus inclusions and compare these neoorganelles with the replication factories formed by other members of the Reoviridae family
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
