Abstract
The level of mycotoxin fumonisins in corn-based food and feed collected from Linxian County, a high-risk area for esophageal cancer in China, has been analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatographic coupled with evaporative laser scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD). A total of 104 corn kernel samples were obtained from local households, granaries, wholesale markets (central markets), and retail markets (stores and supermarkets). Fumonisin B 1 (FB 1) was detected in the samples from households, granaries, central markets, and stores, with a positive rate of 61.5%, 50%, 33.3%, and 17%, respectively. No fumonisin was detected in samples from the supermarket. The highest FB 1 levels (0.30–3.20 μg/g; mean, 1.42 μg/g) were found in samples from the granary, followed by household (0.25–1.80 μg/g; mean, 0.73 μg/g), central market (0.25–1.10 μg/g; mean, 0.51 μg/g), and store (0.22–0.34 μg/g; mean, 0.28 μg/g). Among the 80 corn kernel samples collected from local households, 18 of 24 (75.0%) moldy samples contained high levels of FB 1 (0.28–3.30 μg/g; mean, 1.58 μg/g), and 20 of 56 (35.7%) apparently healthy samples contained low levels of FB 1 (0.21–0.82 μg/g; mean, 0.46 μg/g). As the central market plays an important role in trade of corn-based food and feed in China, a total of 115 corn-based food and feed samples were collected from the local central market. The highest FB 1 levels (0.30–3.13 μg/g; mean, 1.50 μg/g) were found in feed, followed by unprocessed food (0.31–0.63 μg/g; mean, 0.47 μg/g) and processed food (0.21–0.28 μg/g; mean, 0.25 μg/g). The positive incidence of FB 1 in feed, unprocessed, and processed food were 53.6%, 33.3% and 17.9%, respectively. In conclusion, the results showed that corn-based food and feed from Linxian County contained low level of FB 1 (<2 μg/g) in general, but efforts should be made to control the fumonisin contamination in corn kernels stored in granaries and households.
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