Abstract
The present study was undertaken with the aim to understand the chemical properties of aquatic fulvic acid in a clear water Lake Mansar. Along with that, the physical and chemical environment of the lake was also analysed. Fulvic acid was isolated from the water of Lake Mansar following IHSS recommended methodology and was subjected to characterisation, viz. elemental analysis, H-NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The yield of fulvic acid from water of Lake Mansar was 0.22 mg/L that was far less than coloured aquatic systems. Elemental analysis revealed per cent carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen content to be 53.6%, 5.04%, 6.3% and 35.06%, respectively. H-NMR and FTIR spectra revealed the presence of various functional groups like aliphatic, hydroxyl, amide, quinones, ketones, carbonyl, cellulose, etc. Based on the present studies, it was concluded that the origin of humic material in Lake Mansar is mostly from algae and non-vascular plants that have undergone less degree of humification.
Highlights
Aquatic ecosystems provide a variety of services to varied forms of life on earth, but their stability and sustainability in turn are a consequence of the complex interplay of their various components
The value of secchi disc transparency was found to be more than half the depth of the study area that points towards the fact that Lake Mansar is a clear water lake
The observed amount of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is comparable to other clear water systems (Fujitake et al 2009)
Summary
Aquatic ecosystems provide a variety of services to varied forms of life on earth, but their stability and sustainability in turn are a consequence of the complex interplay of their various components. Among these, dissolved organic matter (DOM) is quantitatively a minor portion but is important being involved in various biochemical and geochemical processes. The important constituents of DOM are humic substances, the refractory high molecular weight compounds produced by partial degradation and recombination of complex biomolecules. Humic substances can be differentiated into three components—humic acid, fulvic acid and humins on the basis of their molecular weight, solubility, elemental composition and functional groups. Humic acid is the high molecular weight fraction that is soluble at higher pH values but precipitates at acidic pH, while Fulvic acid is soluble in water under all pH values and has moderate molecular weight ranging from 600 to 5000 Da. Humins are not soluble in water at any pH value (IHSS 1985; Beckett et al 1987; Muscolo et al 2007)
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