Fulminant hepatic failure and serum phosphorus levels in children from the western part of Turkey

Abstract

Clinical and laboratory predictors of recovery in children with fulminant hepatic failure are limited. Recently, hypophosphatemia has been reported as a laboratory indicator of recovering liver function in children with fulminant hepatic failure . We aimed to determine the incidence of hypophosphatemia and its association with clinical outcome in children in our center with fulminant hepatic failure. We analyzed 21 children who had been diagnosed with fulminant hepatic failure. Laboratory findings were recorded from admission date until the patient spontaneously recovered, underwent orthotopic liver transplantation or died. Eight patients (38%) died, 6 (28.6%) underwent orthotopic liver transplantation, and 7 (33.3%) recovered without orthotopic liver transplantation. We identified hypophosphatemia in 57.1% of children with fulminant hepatic failure. Serum phosphorus levels were significantly lower in patients who recovered than in the orthotopic liver transplantation+death group. The presence of encephalopathy was determined at a much lower rate in the recovery group than in the orthotopic liver transplantation+death group. Serum phosphorus concentration ≥2.9 mg/dl and presence of encephalopathy were identified as independent risk factors for mortality. Hypophosphatemia can be identified as a marker of recovery in children with fulminant hepatic failure. Presence of encephalopathy and a serum phosphorus level ≥2.9 mg/dl appear to indicate a poor prognosis in children with fulminant hepatic failure.