Abstract
Wind pressure coefficients (Cp) are important values for building engineering applications, such as calculation of wind loads or wind-induced air infiltration and especially for tall buildings that are more susceptible to wind forces. Wind pressure coefficients are influenced by a plethora of parameters, such as building geometry, position on the façade, exposure or sheltering degree, and wind direction. On-site measurements have been performed on a twin medium-rise building complex. Differential pressure measurements have been employed in order to determine the wind pressure coefficients at various positions along the windward façades of the twin buildings. The measurements show that one building provides substantial wind shelter to its twin and the microclimatic effect is captured by the measured wind pressure coefficients. They also showed that the wind pressure coefficients vary significantly spatially along the windward façades of the medium-rise buildings. Furthermore, the pressure measurements showed that the wind pressure coefficients fluctuate significantly during the measuring period. The use of the fluctuating Cp values by means of probability distribution function (pdf) for the calculation of air infiltration has been evaluated. The results indicate that the air flows deriving using fluctuating Cp values are more accurate than the ones calculated by the conventional method of using mean Cp values.
Highlights
Wind pressure coefficients, Cp, are non-dimensional coefficients that can express the wind-induced pressure at a specific position over a body, relative to the freestream wind pressure
For the determination of the wind pressure coefficients on the North façades of the two reference buildings, only weather data that corresponded to North wind direction, and wind angles within the range of −22.5◦ to 22.5◦, were used (Figure 4)
The wind pressure coefficients were calculated from Equation (1), using the differential pressure provided by the sensors and the corrected wind velocity at the building height
Summary
Cp , are non-dimensional coefficients that can express the wind-induced pressure at a specific position over a body, relative to the freestream wind pressure. Wind-pressure coefficients can be calculated through the following formula: Cp = p − p∞ 2 ρU∞ (1). Wind pressure coefficients are extensively used for the calculation of wind loads, as well as for the calculation of wind-induced air infiltration [1,2,3,4]. For large-scale constructions that are more susceptible to wind forces, wind pressure coefficients are crucial to the correct estimation of wind loads and to their structural design [5,6]. Recent studies suggest that the use of building-specific wind-pressure coefficients can introduce the microclimate in building energy simulation (BES) and predict more accurately the wind-induced air infiltration [7,8]. The use of surface-averaged wind pressure coefficients seems to be Buildings 2019, 9, 63; doi:10.3390/buildings9030063 www.mdpi.com/journal/buildings
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