Abstract
Full-fat soybean meal (FFSBM) is made from heat-treating whole soybeans. FFSBM contains slightly lower crude protein but much higher oil than defatted soybean meal. Like defatted soybean meal, FFSBM has one of the best amino acid profiles among veg8table proteins in meeting the essential amino acid requirements of fish. FFSBM is also a good source of linoleic and linolenic acids and phospholipids. There is little phosphorus present in FFSBM and it is mostly in the form of phytic acid which is not highly available for fish and hampers the utilization of other minerals. Raw soybeans also contain several anti-nutritional factors known to affect the growth and health of fish. However, several methods of heat treatment have been successfully used to inactivate or eliminate anti-nutritional factors that improve the nutritive value of FFSBM. The degree to which soybeans must be heat treated could vary among fish species. Nonetheless, available research information shows that the nutritive value of properly heated FFSBM for fish is comparable to, if not better than, defatted soybean meal reconstituted with soybean oil.
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