Abstract
The article deals with a high-voltage three-phase AC plasma torch working as a part of a plasma-chemical facility. The plasma torch consists of three electric arc channels and three rod copper electrodes. The initial breakdown occurs with high voltage (10 kV) provided by a high voltage power supply. The electric arc plasma oxygen-free pyrolysis of methane was realized on the facility. The fullerene-containing fraction was extracted from the carbonaceous material by extraction with orthoxylene. The produced carbon-black and the selected extract were analyzed by modern methods of physical and chemical analysis: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray phase analysis, IR spectroscopy.
Highlights
IntroductionIn the modern context of traditional fossil fuels depleting and global warming, plasma systems remain one of the most promising technologies in many large-scale industries, such as the elimination of pollution and recycling (household, medical, biological, toxic or hazardous waste) [1], energy production (combustion of low-calorie fuels, igniting, starting and supporting of coal-fired power plants, pyrolysis, fossil cracking and gasification and/or cracking of renewable fuels) [2], production of materials (metal melting, reduction and regeneration, sealing of particles, nanoparticle synthesis) [3]
In the modern context of traditional fossil fuels depleting and global warming, plasma systems remain one of the most promising technologies in many large-scale industries, such as the elimination of pollution and recycling [1], energy production [2], production of materials [3].Since discovery of fullerenes in 1985, it has been shown that fullerenes can be synthesized by various methods
Nanocarbon material with submicron particle sizes was produced by the method of oxygen-free electrical arc pyrolysis of methane
Summary
In the modern context of traditional fossil fuels depleting and global warming, plasma systems remain one of the most promising technologies in many large-scale industries, such as the elimination of pollution and recycling (household, medical, biological, toxic or hazardous waste) [1], energy production (combustion of low-calorie fuels, igniting, starting and supporting of coal-fired power plants, pyrolysis, fossil cracking and gasification and/or cracking of renewable fuels) [2], production of materials (metal melting, reduction and regeneration, sealing of particles, nanoparticle synthesis) [3]. The production of fullerenes in the arc discharge, which is one of the numerous plasma methods, despite the fact that a number of other synthesis methods have already been developed, still remains one of the most popular and widely used [4]. This is due to its high performance and relative simplicity. Carbon vapor, carried away from the arc, is condensed on the surface of a special cooled chamber It is clear from the analysis of numerous publications that the content of fullerenes in the products of arc synthesis can vary greatly from fractions up to several tens of percent. It was found that the use of benzene as a fuel leads to the highest yield of fullerenes compared with toluene and other hydrocarbons [18, 21]
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