Abstract
Emerging technologies, such as smart wearable devices, augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR) displays, and naked-eye 3D projection, have gradually entered our lives, accompanied by an urgent market demand for high-end display technologies. Ultra-high-resolution displays, flexible displays, and transparent displays are all important types of future display technology, and traditional display technology cannot meet the relevant requirements. Micro-light-emitting diodes (micro-LEDs), which have the advantages of a high contrast, a short response time, a wide color gamut, low power consumption, and a long life, are expected to replace traditional liquid-crystal displays (LCD) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) screens and become the leaders in the next generation of display technology. However, there are two major obstacles to moving micro-LEDs from the laboratory to the commercial market. One is improving the yield rate and reducing the cost of the mass transfer of micro-LEDs, and the other is realizing a full-color display using micro-LED chips. This review will outline the three main methods for applying current micro-LED full-color displays, red, green, and blue (RGB) three-color micro-LED transfer technology, color conversion technology, and single-chip multi-color growth technology, to summarize present-day micro-LED full-color display technologies and help guide the follow-up research.
Highlights
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies are developing rapidly with the maturity of artificial intelligence and image recognition technology
Mini-LEDs are mainly used as backlight displays [5,6], while micro-LEDs [7], which have the advantages of a high contrast, a high response speed, a wide color gamut, low power consumption, and a long life, are considered to be an ideal display technology for AR/VR
Integrating micro-LEDs of different colors and materials onto the same driving substrate through transfer and bonding technology is the main method for preparing micro-LED full-color displays for the market
Summary
Augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) technologies are developing rapidly with the maturity of artificial intelligence and image recognition technology. The world’s first micro-LED display was launched by Sony at the 2012 Consumer Electronics Show (CES) exhibition and was called crystal light-emitting diodes (CLED) This display has a size of 55 inches, with unprecedented picture color, response speed, and high contrast. To realize a large-area micro-LED display, it is necessary to transfer the LED array grown on the wafer to a circuit substrate that can drive it to illuminate This process requires the support of mass transfer technology. The yield and cost of the massive transfer limit the development of micro-LED technology to a certain extent Another difficulty of micro-LED displays is the realization of full color. TThheerree aarree ttwwoo mmaaiinn aarrrraannggeemmeenntt ssttrruuccttuurreess ffoorr oobbttaaiinniinngg aa ffuullll--ccoolloorr mmiiccrroo--LLEEDD aarrrraayy iinn tthhiiss wwaayy:: aa hhoorriizzoonnttaallaarrrraannggeemmeennt tstsrtuructcuturereanadnda vaevrteirctaicl astlasctkacsktrustcrtuucrteu. We briefly describe these methods for micro-LED mass transfer and analyze their theory, features, and application scope
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